To test whether the L DLPFC was specific to predicting mania, we performed two additional multiple regression models (one for NU, one for PU) controlling for baseline depression, with 12-month MOODS Mood Depressive Domain score as the dependent variable. We performed two parallel, separate multiple linear regression models with NU and PU-related L DLPFC BOLD activity, baseline MOODS Mood Manic Domain score, age, and gender as predictors and Mood Manic Domain score at 12-month follow-up as the dependent variable. Parameter estimates were extracted from separate multiple regression models of NU and PU covarying for age and gender, p < 0.001, uncorrected, k = 20.
Angry and happy face-related activity at baseline scan was examined using an anatomical mask of regions supporting emotion processing and executive function, which included the L DLPFC. Methods: Twenty-one distressed adults ages 18-23 (mean age 20.84 ± 1.49, 17 female), from the initial aforementioned transdiagnostic cohort that were scanned on a 3 T fMRI while performing an implicit facial emotion processing task, completed baseline and 12-month follow-up assessments of hypo/mania and depression measured by the Moods Spectrum Scale (MOODS) Mood Manic and Depressive Domains. However, it has not yet been tested whether urgency-related L DLPFC activity is a predictor of manic symptoms over time, and if the relationship is specific to mania or if it also extends to depressive symptoms. We previously reported negative relationships between NU and PU-related blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) activity in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (L DLPFC) during approach emotion processing and lifetime mania risk in a transdiagnostic cohort (excluding young adults with BD diagnosis) of 106 young adults who were seeking treatment for psychological distress. Negative and positive urgency (NU/PU), defined as the tendencies to act impulsively in response to negative and positive affect respectively, are evident in adults with BD and have been identified as risk factors for future BD, yet neuroimaging studies examining neural correlates of urgency in the context of predicting BD risk are sparse. While impulsivity is a multi-faceted trait, emotion-triggered impulsivity, or emotion-based rash action, is perhaps the most important form, as it is associated with a broad range of key outcomes in BD, including and notably suicidality. Impulsivity is a widely studied characteristic of BD that is elevated during manic and mixed episodes and persistent during euthymic periods. Moreover, identifying biomarkers of future BD risk informs not only early risk detection and targets for treatment developments, but also aids our understanding of pathophysiological processes underlying BD. Phillips University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United Statesīackground: There is a critical need for identifying robust biomarkers of objective risk factors associated with Bipolar Disorder (BD), particularly those predictive of mania/hypomania and mixed states, as these are pathognomonic features of BD.
Aslam, Simona Graur, Genna Bebko, Richelle S.
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